What is the primary effect of vasodilation?

The primary effect of vasodilation is the increase in the size of blood vessels. This process occurs when the smooth muscle lining the blood vessels relaxes, leading to an expansion of the vessels' diameter. As a result, more blood can flow through the dilated vessels, enhancing blood supply to various tissues and organs, which is essential for functions like thermoregulation and the response to physical activity.

Vasodilation plays a critical role in regulating blood pressure, as the widening of blood vessels decreases resistance against blood flow, potentially lowering blood pressure. This mechanism is also important in the body's response to injury or inflammation, as it allows for increased blood flow to affected areas, facilitating healing and immune response.