What type of disease is Hashimoto's thyroiditis?

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is classified as an autoimmune disease. In this condition, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and often resulting in hypothyroidism, which is characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones. The autoimmune aspect means that the body's own immune cells target and damage the thyroid tissue, in contrast to a genetic disorder, which would primarily stem from inherited genetic mutations affecting thyroid function, or infections caused by bacteria or viruses. Understanding this classification is crucial for diagnosing and managing the disease, as treatment typically involves addressing the underlying immune response and managing hormone levels rather than targeting an infectious agent or genetic correction.